Tensions remain high on the Cambodia-Thailand border despite a ceasefire agreement reached in December, as disputes over territorial claims continue to simmer. The ceasefire, which was established to halt fighting and aid the return of displaced civilians, has not settled the longstanding border disputes between the two Southeast Asian nations.
Cambodia’s Information Minister Neth Pheaktra emphasized that the ceasefire agreement, which took effect on December 27, does not imply an acceptance of current territorial lines as permanent. According to Pheaktra, the agreement was made to maintain existing military positions and facilitate civilian return, not to determine the legal ownership of contested areas.
Accusations have been exchanged between the countries, with Cambodia accusing Thailand of reinforcing its military presence in territories claimed by Cambodia. Activities such as installing barbed wire, digging trenches, and constructing roads and other military facilities are seen by Cambodia as attempts to alter the status quo. These actions, Cambodia asserts, could potentially create new facts on the ground rather than preserve the existing situation.
The conflict has had significant humanitarian implications, displacing over 20,000 individuals according to Cambodian officials. Pheaktra has highlighted the importance of the safe return of these civilians as a measure of the ceasefire’s success and adherence.
In a move to strengthen its territorial claims, Thailand has conducted tours for foreign delegates, ASEAN observers, and international journalists, showcasing areas near the border such as the O’Smach casino and Choam crossing. Thailand has raised concerns over the use of casino facilities and alleged cross-border criminal activities. Cambodia, however, disputes Thailand’s claims over these areas, insisting they fall within Cambodian territory.